Report on the scientific roundtable on biological diversity convened by the chequamegon and nicolet national forests. Biological diversity article about biological diversity. Among other factors, the diversity of all living things depends on temperature, precipitation, altitude, soils, geography and the presence of other species. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and neotropical migrants. Where appropriate, options for implementing a convention article are provided. The convention on biological diversity gives a formal definition of. Finescaled human genetic structure revealed by snp microarrays. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Modern principles of other fields, such as chemistry, medicine, and physics, for example, are integrated with those of biology in areas such as biochemistry, biomedicine, and biophysics. Biodiversity also includes the genetic information that these organisms contain. An unequivocal, precise, and generally accepted definition of biodiversity does not exist. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and for. Whittaker 1972 described three terms for measuring biodiversity over spatial scales. Human biological diversity human biodiversity reading list.
Colombia and kenya, for example, each have more than 1,000 breeding species of birds, whereas the forests of. Genetic diversity the genetic material of microorganisms, plants and animals contains information that. This multinational treaty went into effect on december 29, 1993 with the objective of developing international approaches for conserving and promoting sustainable interactions surrounding biological diversity. Human society depends on biological resources, their diversity and the ecosystems that sustain them to provide essential goods and services. Someone recently said, assertions about the importance of hbd human biodiversity are rife on the internet among highiq bloggers.
Biodiversity definition biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. Human biological diversity human biodiversity reading. A common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in an area. State of belizes biological data collecting and ecosystem mapping to date the history of collecting in belize is being described in detail by both balick et al. The study of the spatial distribution of organisms, species and ecosystems, is the science of biogeography. In many instances, these suggestions draw on existing environmental policy documents and action plans such as the world. Biological diversity synonyms, biological diversity pronunciation, biological diversity translation, english dictionary definition of biological diversity. Biological diversity definition of biological diversity. This can only happen if we manage biodiversity as a precious resource and prevent the extinction of species. Notes on definition the cbd definition is the internationally accepted definition of biodiversity. The importance of biological diversity to human society is hard to overstate. Biological diversity refers to the variety of lifeforms, commonly expressed as the number of species or the number of genetic types in an area.
However, the word biodiversity is relatively new, and is thought to have first been coined as a contraction of the term biological diversity in 1985 and then popularised by a number of authors1. Biodiversity is usually plotted as taxonomic richness of a geographic area, with some reference to a temporal scale. Scientists have variously estimated that there are from 3 to 30 million extant species, of which 2. Genetic diversity is all the different genes contained in all the living species, including individual plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Biological diversity, in order to further examine the possibility of including the disclosure requirement in appropriate international agreements. Biological diversity definition and meaning collins english. Biological diversity vocabulary science 9 flashcards quizlet. Biological diversity is also known as biodiversity. Biology, study of living things and their vital processes that deals with all the physicochemical aspects of life.
Marine biodiversity marinebio conservation society. The use of the synonymous term biological diversity can be traced back to at least 1980 swingland, 20, while the contracted form, common in the second decade of the 21st century, was coined in. Biological diversity vocabulary science 9 flashcards. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is the sum of all the different species of plants, animals, fungi and microbial organisms that live on earth, including the various ecosystems in which they live on. Alpha, beta, and gamma diversity biology libretexts. Biodiversity definition is biological diversity in an environment as indicated by numbers of different species of plants and animals. This chapter provides policy for maintaining and restoring, where appropriate, the biological integrity, diversity, and environmental health of the national wildlife refuge system. On a much smaller scale, you can study biodiversity within a pond ecosystem or a neighborhood park. It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on earth plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms as well as to the communities that they form and the habitats in which they live. Diversity definition and examples biology online dictionary. Biology is subdivided into separate branches for convenience of study, though all the subdivisions are interrelated by basic principles.
Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on earth. Short for biological diversity, biodiversity includes all organisms, species, and populations. Convention on biological diversity 19921 biodiversity is a compound word derived from biological diversity and therefore is considered to have the same meaning. The diversity of life on earth is so great that if we use it sustainably we can go on developing new products from biodiversity for many generations. Species richness the simplest of the indices available simpson index. The use of living things to make agricultural, industrial, or medicinal products. This document may therefore be reproduced for educational and nonprofit purposes without special permission from the national biodiversity authority. However the need for such a definition that is both scientifically sensible and universally applicable is. This conceptual diagram summarizes what we know about the shape of the biodiversityecosystem functioning bef relationship based on summaries of. A guide to the convention on international union for.
Biological diversity list of high impact articles ppts. Biodiversity, besides its ecological significance provides a socioeconomic and monetary asset to the nation. Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem, and is usually expressed by the number of species i. Also called biodiversity, biological diversity is often used to refer to the total number of different species on earth. The variability among living organisms from all sources including inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part. Biodiversity definition of biodiversity by merriamwebster. The convention on biological diversity calls for each party to develop a national biodiversity strategy and action plan nbsap to guarantee that the objectives of the convention are undertaken at all levels and in all sectors in each country article 6. Biological diversity the variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part. Biodiversity is the shortened form of two words biological and diversity. Biological diversity chapter and biological invasions.
Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities, and ecological processes, as well as variation within individual. Examples of how to use biological diversity in a sentence from the cambridge dictionary labs. Biological diversity variation in genes, species, functional traits expand our focus improve predictions link functions to services figure 1 the form of a typical diversityfunction relationship. The primary goal of a guide to the convention on biological diversity is to explain the conventions text. Biological diversity definition of biological diversity by. Pdf an unequivocal, precise, and generally accepted definition of biodiversity does not exist. This publication contains the biological diversity act, 2002 and the biological diversity rules, 2004 that was promulgated by the government of india. The relationship between the trips agreement and the convention on biological diversity is also under discussion in the trips council, with a view to ensuring their mutual supportiveness. Biodiversity is not evenly distributed, rather it varies greatly across the globe as well as within regions. Biodiversity, a contraction of the phrase biological diversity, is a complex topic, covering many aspects of biological variation. Hence, in its broadest definition, biological diversity is the manifestation of virtually every biological process known biodiversity.
Strategy conference on biological diversity 1981 and the national forum on biodiversity 1986 in washington. Biodiversityshort for biological diversitymeans the diversity of life in all its formsthe diversity of species, of genetic variations within one species, and of ecosystems. It has been estimated that more than 50 million species of plants, animals and microorganisms are. Biodiversity or biological diversity is defined by the united nations convention on biological diversity as. Aware of the generai lack of information and knowledge regarding biological diversity and of the urgent need to develop scientific. Biodiversity found on earth today consists of many millions of distinct biological species, the product of four billion years of evolution. Biological diversity definition and meaning collins.
However the need for such a definition that is both. Synonyms for biological diversity in free thesaurus. In popular usage, the word biodiversity is often used to describe all the species living in a particular area. Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety of life found in a place on earth or, often, the total variety of life on earth. Species diversity is all the different species, as well as the differences within and between different species.
Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities and. A complex issue in discussing biological diversity, it is important to realize that ecological systems are highly complex, and t. Biodiversity glossary1 convention on biological diversity. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. According to biological species concepts bsc, species is a basic unit of classification and is defined as a group of similar organisms that interbreed with one another and produce offsprings and share a common lineage. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and for wildlife. An estimated 40 per cent of the global economy is based on biologi. Thus, while it is custom to separate the study of plants from that of animals, and the study of the structure of organisms from that of function, all living things share in common certain biological phenomenafor example, various means of reproduction. Whittaker described three common metrics used to measure specieslevel biodiversity, encompassing attention to species richness or species evenness. It also refers to the interrelatedness of genes, species, and ecosystems and their interactions with the. At the highest level, you can look at all the different species on the entire earth. Biological diversity synonyms, biological diversity. Functional diversity pertains to the elements of biodiversity that have an effect on the function of the ecosystem.
Crop diversity refers to the variance in genetic and phenotypic characteristics of plants used in agriculture. I n the past 20years remarkable progress has been made towards understanding how the loss of biodiversity affects the functioning. The variability among living organisms from all sources, including, inter alia among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part. Belize volume i 2001 programme for belize, 1 eyre street, belize city, belize. Species diversity is all the differences within and between populations of species, as well as between different species.
Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities, and ecological processes, as well as variation within individual ecosystems. Biological diversity, very simply, refers to all of the different kinds of life on earth. The variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part. A collection of this biodiversity would include human beings, bengal tigers, sugar maples, oyster mushrooms, bacteria, and the millions of other living organisms. Aug 09, 2011 biological diversity has been diminished at the hand of humankind through habitat fragmentation and reduction, direct overexploitation, pollution and introduced invasive species. Convention on biological diversity preamble the contracting parties, conscious of the intrinsic value of biological diversity and of the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. We thus created the following bibliography to aid those interested in human biodiversity. Diversity in biological sense thus measures the variety of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Biological diversity article about biological diversity by.
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